41199 Cistercian monks establish the monastery of Hilda on the southern bank of the mouth of the river Ryck near rich salt deposits Since the 14th century this monastery has been known as Eldena 1248 First documentary mention of the oppidum Gripheswald among the monastery s landholdings 1250 Granting of the Lübeck law market settlement thus gains town status 1278 Greifswald becomes a member of the Hanseatic League 1456 Opening of Greifswald University the second oldest in northern Europe initiated by mayor Heinrich Rubenow 1648 In the Peace of Westphalia Greifswald falls along with Western Pomerania to Sweden 1774 Caspar David Friedrich the most important painter of German Romanticism is born in Greifswald 1815 Transfer of Swedish Pomerania and thus Greifswald to Prussia 1945 30 April surrender of the undestroyed city to the Soviet army without a fight 2000 Opening of the Picture Gallery at the Pomeranian State Museum A brief history

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